Compare and contrast WHY WE CAN'T WAIT to IF YOU WERE ONLY WHITE Essay

Compare and contrast WHY WE CANT cargo area to IF YOU WERE ONLY WHITE - Essay ExampleWhy We Cant Wait primarily highlights the concerns of Martin Luther fairy junior for the black fraternity in the United States African Americans. The ultimate issue is the integration of the black community in the American society in terms of having their rights and freedoms observed. The year 1963 marked a critical cartridge clip for the concerns spoken by Martin Luther King Jr. Specifically, license Proclamation was meant to mark a new stock in accounting for equality between the whites and the blacks (Weatherford 81). The proclamation was meant to bring to an end years and years of thraldom and segregation of African Americans.On the other hand, If You Were Only exsanguinous highlights the experiences of a baseball player by the name Satchel Paige. Paige was an African American who had become a successful baseball player, climbing up the bet ladder to outperform both white and black base ball players (Partridge 294). He too, just like the occupy of the black community, suffered the impacts of segregation. Amid this, he stood out for what he believed was right and good for the society. His fame and performance along his career broth had broken racial ties in the United States between 1920s and 1980s.While Martin Luther King Jr. and his associates pushed for Emancipation Proclamation, Satchel Paige was using his baseball career to try and unite the American people beyond racial limits. King felt that the freedom of the black community had been delayed for a hundred years if not more (Weatherford 137). As a result, he fought for the freedom of African Americans and advocated for equality in the society. Even with emancipation, the facts of the matter were so far to be operationalized in Birmingham and beyond. This aspect provides the reason why the blacks felt they could not wait any longer.For Satchel Paige, his ferment in the American society has caught the atte ntion of both whites and blacks. The context of the arguments made in If You Were Only White refers to a

The Theory of Gestalt Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Theory of Gestalt - Term Paper ExampleThis attitude, for a time, forced Gestalt into the background of scientific study. immediately the therapy is striving and gaining professional ground in not only a myriad of argonas of endeavor, but too in combination with other therapies which once discounted it. The Basis of Gestalt As a psychology term created in the early 20th century by German psychologists, gestalt essentially means a unified whole. It referred to theories of optical perception which attempt to describe how people tend to organize visual elements into groups, using certain elements to perceived, in the end, the whole. The term and creation was later applied by the Perls and Goodman in their Gestalt Therapy studies. There are many critiques and psychoanalysis of gestalt, so it is important from the outset that we explain the concept in laymans terms that avow the remainder of the paper. Gestalt as applied to Gestalt Therapy is a method of sureness practice akin to mindfulness in eastern philosophical thought by which perceiving, feeling, and acting are understood to be conducive to interpreting, explaining, and conceptualizing the hermeneutics of experience (Brownell, 2010 p. 128). ... The concept as applied in Gestalt Therapy according to Brownell (2008) relies upon several aspects, including the phenomenological method but also dialogical relationships, practical suppositional strategies and the perceived freedom to use these strategies and insights as experimental tools to function clients reach personal goals. The goals for success take a suspension of past expectations reasonableness and empathy between client and therapist a thorough understanding and confrontation of the clients environmental field of experience and the singularly specific approach of despicable the client from analysis to positive, concrete actions. Evolution and Application of Theory Gestalt psychology and therapy fell out of raise with the emergence of cognit ive psychology and methods in the mid-1900s. As recently as 1995, however, professionals cognizant of its benefits have show the value of the insights Gestalt Therapy brings to understanding and insights brought about by the behavioral and cognitive methods. While behavioral therapy assumes that mental disturbances are learned but aimless behaviors, and cognitive therapy studies how people think and how they interpret their experiences, Gestalt Therapy helps patients become more aware of themselves and what is going on in the private inner world in which they actually live that includes the therapists themselves. In terms of gender therapy, Gestalt has been used for therapist training by the Gestalt Therapy Institute of Philadelphia Womens Therapy Center to help them better approach gender identity issues with patients from a nonpathological, non-shaming perspective

Neighborhood research assignment Ozone Park Queens Essay

Neighborhood research assignment Ozone ballpark Queens - Essay suitLater on it was developed by music publisher and developer Benjamin W. Hitchcock and his partner Charles C. Delton. The called the neighborhood Ozone Park, because the gentle, seraphic air current blew continuously from Jamaica Bay and Atlantic Ocean. The inhabitants atomic number 18 from various social groups such as German, Irish, Eastern European as well as immigrants from Caribbean and Latin America. When the transportation was developed in the region the cosmos started increasing and between the year of 1921 and 1930. As per the data collected in 2010, the creation of Ozone Park is 37,087 raft. If considered the population growth of this region, it is 3.90 percentages. The average age of the population, is 33.68 years. Population density in Ozone Park, Queens is 33,453/sq.mtr. The population in gender is divided in following way According to the jobs 74% bulk are knotted in white snap jobs whereas 25% people are involved in blue collar job. In Ozone Park 30% of people are in the age group between 0 and 17, 30% of the population is between 18 and 44 age group and 5% population consists of the people who have crossed the age of 65. The following chart shows the population of various groups of people staying in Ozone Park. The population of Ozone Park, Queens is growing rapidly. ... South border is South Conduit Avenue while the east is 108 Street. Ethnicity of Ozone Park The population of Ozone Park consists of many immigrant groups. The contribution of German and Irish people is substantial in this region. These ethnic groups work Ozone Park in the late 19th century and early 20th century. By 1910 Italian people were supposed to be one of the largest ethnic groups in the neighbourhood. They started migrating from New York to Ozone Park. Since the beginning, Ozone Park is captured by the immigrants. At graduation exercise the Italian people came and settled down there. Ozone Park is known as Little Italy, it is because of its remarkable Italian population. Though the Italians are dominant, in the past few years the other people also are coming and settling down in this region. Among them some immigrants are from South Asia, South America, and West Indies. completely of them have brought their cultures with them and thus the land has become cosmopolitan and multi-cultured. Such diversity in culture has do Ozone Park one of the fastest growing as well as ethnically diverse lands in New York City. The African American group also has spread all oer the neighbourhood. While describing the ethnic diversity, Jerome Krase and Ray Hutchison say, Richmond Hill is the residential and commercial center of a vibrant and expanding Indo-Guyanese and Indo-Trinidadian community backbreaking in South Central Queens including neighbouring Ozone Park, South Ozone Park, and Jamaica. Indo Caribbean are descendents of Indian migrants who lived in the Caribbean nations of Guyan a, Trinidad and Tobago, for well over 100 years. (Jerome Krase and Ray Hutchison, 2004) Here in this region one can find the

INDIA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

INDIA - Essay ExampleDespite their superiority in the war field, other vivid factors prevented them from capturing vast areas (Kulke & Rothemund, 34). The Vedic who lived along rivers settled and started doing cultivation. This led to a more settled life. The Vedic gave nurture to the Indian culture. As people settled, different classes of people emerged. This was the start of the current caste system in India. The earlier Vedic were classified into Vish(ordinary people), Kshatriya(Warriors) and Rajan (chieftains). The chieftains were selected from the warriors (Kulke & Rothemund, 34). The late Vedic established kingdoms that were headed by a king. The Vedic introduced Buddhism and the Indians philosophy.The entree of kingdoms led to the building of dynasties. The Vedic moved east and occupied Gangetic plains. This led to the development of Gangetic culture. Mahajanapada rose from the weakened kingdoms. The Majanapadas gave derail to states after asserting powers on others. Kosh alla and Magadha are the few examples of states that were formed during that time. These states continued to expand in Northern India to form bigger Dynasties. Bimbisara of Magadha started the annexation of other states. The Nandas dynasty was the first to be formed which gave rise to the Mauryas headed by Chandragupta Maurya. The Gupta dynasty is referred as the golden age of India. It was one of the most successful dynasties.The Mughal Empire was set up by Muslim rulers who unified India. Baber helped the Muslims in capturing most parts of India. Some of the weapons used were brought from the west and helped in defeating its enemies (Kulke & Rothemund, 184). Delhi became the centre of the mogul empire. Akbar, who was uneducated but with a lot of wisdom, became one of the greatest leaders of world-beater empire. He conquered Gujarat and Bengal to grow the size of the Mogul empire. Southern India was fertile and different groups fought to control it. Southern India was abutting to the

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Art - set about ExampleWhile in the additive process, the sculptor stliberal arts with a limited quantity of material entirely as the work proceeds, he adds material to give sculpture the desired shape. Modeling, construction and assembling of diametric materials are all examples of additive process. 2) Explain the difference between trade and fine arts, giving examples of works that you would classify in these categories. Include in your answer examples that you think could be classified as both craft and fine art depending on ones viewpoint. Craft actually refers to any kind of artwork that requires a skilled use of a soulfulnesss hands. Woodworking, glassblowing and pottery are few examples of craft. Craft serves a utilitarian purpose because the product like basket, cup or bowl eventually ends up being used by the consumer. Fine arts on the other hand refer to a form of art meant only for aesthetics. Unlike craft it does not have any practical application and is only for th e pleasure of its viewers. A wide physique of arts come under the classification of fine arts. These include painting, drawing, sculpture, calligraphy, mosaics and many others. However there is objectiveness in deciding whether certain forms of art should be considered craft or fine art. A delightful hand-woven basket could be considered a craft as well as an art.

The Use and Abuse of Power in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The Use and Abuse of Power in Management - Essay ExampleHence, creator is an natural characteristic of musical arrangemental motion. Leaders and organisational management find continued opportunity to sharpen their index-use skills in every pinch they make in the group and with relevant stakeholders (Fairholm 1993 37). Power is an essential part of the organisational decision making undertaken by managers, and forms the medium of leadership. It plays a critical role in the selection of key staff, in resource allocation, in promotion actions, reorganisation decisions, and in the development, flow, and use of information. Power is similarly considered in motivational terms to be the critical difference between the person who seeks to control the conduct of the individual and the group, and the leader who exercises control over the results they achieve (Fairholm 1993 46). In contemporary organisations, effective leadership depends on the use of power for success so skilled use of power forms the core accomplishment in organisations. Contrasting with the use of power is the opposite side of the corporate coin in the form of abuse of power by organisational leadership. Increasingly, large society engage in corruption, and misuse of the immense power they have built up. The corporate homo is go wrong the power it has amassed, similar to power in other domains such as in politics, which also reach their limit when permitted. Due to its excessively predatory practices, the atmosphere in todays corporate world has been termed as piratical. Abuse of power reveals itself in several ways. The most disturbing occurrences pertain to the efforts of corporations to draftee the political process for their own benefit through their large financial contributions, both legal and outlaw(prenominal) (Clinard 1990 6). Thesis Statement The purpose of this paper is to investigate the significance of power in organisations. The dynamics of power will include the theoretic al background on the use and abuse of power by leaders, interrogative of a case study and illustrations through organisational examples. THE DYNAMICS OF POWER IN ORGANISATIONS According to Pfeffer (1992), besides organisational leaders, the members of an organisation vie with each other for dominance. They compete for the power to get their own way, while confronting competitive action by others in their intimate work group. This situation takes five aspects into consideration. Organisational participants interact continually with people in an interdependent relationship with them. The participants are in a competitive situation regarding who among them will achieve the desire goals. Scarcity forms a part of the situation to some extent. The participants attach enough importance to the situation, goals, or fire that they are willing to engage their energy in this relationship (Fairholm 1993 30). These five dimensions of the power relationship also defines typical organisational l ife. Employees understanding of a situation increases by viewing the relationship in political power terms. Theoretical Background Use and Abuse of Power in Organisations Leadership is a relational term, it identifies a relationship in which some people are able to persuade others to adopt new values, attitudes and goals, and to observe effort on behalf of those values and goals (Hogg 2005 53). The relationship is almost always defined within the

Public argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public argument - Essay practiceWe have the responsibility to protect the loopy in the best way possible with consideration that they atomic number 18 also meant to get used to the new habitats and evade extinction. This paper supports the argument in favor of zoos. The principal(prenominal) reasons include provision of learning opportunities, for animal protection, and reducing extinction. In addition, this paper disagrees with leaving the animals in the kookie to expose them to fear, hunger, injury, disease, cruelty, human conflicts, and loss of habitats.In the debate on zoos ethos largely support zoos. Throughout the world, wild animals are subjected to harsh dangers in the wild yet a little interest in the define of animals in human lives or establishments of meanings through human and animal intersections could save their lives (Rothfels 481). For years, the zoo has been understood as a cultural object that cannot be dismissed by the academy that considers them as places f or the intelligent to gull more intelligent. Evidently, zoos have been sought by people since their inception and continue being sought some(prenominal) to pass interaction with extraordinary zoo animals, and to acknowledge that the conception and thought of human history involves flat the encounter with nonhumans. Besides interacting with animals and understanding human history, zoos offer humans the opportunity to interpret the world as being in a position to provide environments that are beyond human expectations cute exalted ferocious and elusive (Rothfels 482). It is for such reasons that many flock zoos yearly, and pay large sums of money to experience fun through the recreation offered in these places. Contrary to the opinion that zoos bring captivity, the lives of animals in zoos vastly differs from that of members of the same species keep in the wild.Pathos presents a great strategy in support of zoos. A great end is evident in the lives of

A Transnational Corporation Influence on the World Economy Case Study

A Transnational Corporation Influence on the World Economy - Case Study Example tether major ways in which TNCs participate in the economic activities of the waiter country are through external trade, technology transfer and internationalistic (foreign direct) investment. These activities, both individually and collectively, birth the potential impact host countries in different ways, and these ways depend on several variables. This paper will examine these internationalisation activities and discuss their impact on the economy of the countries involved, especially that of host countries.With the new advancements in transportation, information, communication and technology, international trade has become more prevalent over the past few decades, and especially this past one. Locally, international trade has changed the activities of the market. It has created the need for countries to produce more for export and encouraged a greater dependence on imports to fill gaps in local ma rkets. In the past, international trade had been dictated by colonialism, but straightaway things have got been changing. New superpowers have arisen, and they have given birth to transnational corporations. ... However, the transnational corporations of developed countries have dominated the global economy. The trade agreements formulated among countries have usually rested heavily in favor of the developed countries. Several reasons have been proposed for this, but two stand out. Even in areas where developing countries have a comparative advantage, participation in the global markets has been limited because of market protection that still exists in both developed and other developing countries. The other reason is that the negotiating powers of developing countries are heavily circumscribe by tight budgets (Market Access).

Same-sex relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Same- sex relationship - Essay ExampleControversial electric outlet here is same-sex relationship that is widely opposed by many countries worldwide. Should same-sex conglutinations be allowed in the society or should these kinds of marriages be frowned upon? The research will focus on the challenges facing same sex relationships and further apprehend on reasons behind refusal of the law in most countries globally. The most common and legal marriage was heterosexual person relationship. The issue of same-sex marriage has been made legal in various democratic or liberal countries broadly in the Western countries. The matter of child bearing is greatly left behind when it comes to same sex marriage, as there is availability of artificially produced babies. Babies could be produced artificially for same sex couples while those who favor unlike methods can adopt children and call them their own. Despite the desire to raise children, the gay couples often cheek objections when they present themselves as candidates who want to adopt children. The legal offices that deal with the issues of adoption often feel loth(p) to hand over adoption agreement to these couples with the belief that they may lack the knowledge of raising the children well.Same-sex marriage may be defined as the union among two individuals of the same gender. Ever since the year 2001, different countries have allowed gay or lesbian unions and the recognition of such law has sparked worldwide debate from the proposers as well as those who oppose this discussion.

Liberal Art Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Liberal trick Studies - Essay ExamplePlunkitt would agree that there was such a thing as an honest take in and a dishonest profit. If political party, State, and personal interests stand to gain an advantage, he would see such a venture as something that was as justifiable and therefore being an honest profit. On the other hand, he would see stealing from others as dishonest profit and would condemn such an action. In other words, he may justify a little corruption as long as it doesnt metre to stealing from others and as long as it benefits the State as well as himself.From a business enterprise perspective, Plunkitt does seem to have the dynamics of organizational behavior right. Buying something for a low price and sell it for a higher price is the essence of business, and Plunkitts views were in line with this sentiment. For him, corruption means actually stealing from others, while trying to make a profit is not corrupt at all. Plunkitt to a fault believed in seeing opport unities and taking them and realized that who you know is more important than what you know. Both of these concepts are astray seen as accurate in the business

“In What Ways Does a Rising China Impact the World” Essay

In What Ways Does a Rising chinaw are Impact the World - Essay Example chinas rise on the world scene as a growing economic strong star sign has been received ambivalently. Her increased control on not only the Asian economy but overseas as hale has brought a power shift with her neighbor Japan who has been the dominating force since the start-off world war, as well as abroad. But what exactly does chinas rise imply to the rest of the world? chinaware has a history that makes it renowned for opting to use military force to gets its way. China still holds a lot of anger and resentment towards the treatment it has suffered at the hands of the international community over the past two centuries and there are bones of contention between her and Japan ( Mahbubani, 2005).though china has held out the olive branch saying that its intentions are peaceful and their sole interest is in economic growth and development, most countries approach her with caution. The slightest show of claw s leaves the international community in jitters. What has brought china into the glare is the global financial crisis. When Chinese leaders mulled over whether it was time a new currency was created because of the rural area of the dollar, every one was all ears and waiting to see what was the next step that china would take. It means that chinas intentions are still regarded as being highly suspicious (Gee, 2009).The most wary are the smaller Asian nations who china has been making attempts to do more business with over recent years. China has changed her tactic and has approached south east nations with a more open attitude to dialogue and treating them as equals. China even offered to sign a free trade agreement with Southeast Asian countries as well as recognizing the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) (Goh, 2006).It seems that chinas new approach is on the job(p) with the Southeast Asian nations because these nations have been more welcoming of chinas participati on in their economies. It has also helped that china has adopted a

Read argument assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Read argument assignment - Essay characterFor starters, we need to clarify that perception checking is a necessary skill that is required for the accurate analysis and verifiable estimation of a current position. This is a method by which a person may be prevented from jumping to a conclusion found on a perceived reality with lack of nurture and observation backing it up. The role of this act is to prevent the effects of a wrong reaction or solution to the problem faced. Which is why as a communication hammer, perception checking may be based upon the interest principleOriginally, perception checking was not observed to be a universal tool, but it be to be highly useful in avoiding communication conflicts and misconceptions without which we would be subjected to making the wrong conclusions all the time.However, thither are times when the method is also improperly used. So as a rule of thumb, the following guidelines apply to the use of perception checking as a communication t ool first of all we found the respect for the experience and personality of every individual we communicate with, and build the relations based on honesty and mutual truth. We discourage ourselves from mind reading, and thus, avoid essential mistakes, which originate from it. As the perception tool is so powerful that is can invoke a sense of high confidence in a person, it is important to reiterate to the person being listened to that the listener cares for his or her point of view and respects it. experience checking is a communication tool that encourages people to think over the existing circumstances of a situation and applying reason and logic to the currently seen outcome. Take the following case as an imaginary exampleIf it becomes blasphemous in a room, people do not think that a nuclear carrying missile has in force(p) destroyed the power plant. People usually think there is a blown fuse which has left wing the whole house without power. However, the most likely reason for

Surrealism artistic movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Surrealism artistic movement - canvass ExampleThe essay Surrealism artistic movement concerns the surrealism movement. The main political figure of the movement is the political attitude after the war political instability in France and other European countries. The main economic factor of surrealism development is the postwar economic crisis in Europe and world economic crisis after 1929. This situation lead to the social factor of surrealism development peoples uncertainty in present day and in future and their aspiration to escape from reality surrealism gave people the possibility to open unreal and ideal world. in that location are many representatives of surrealism, but the most significant among them are Breton, Salvador Dali and Rene Magritte. Bretom was one of the founders of the movement. He, as the leader of the Surrealist movement, non only published its most thorough explanations of its techniques, aims and ideas, but was the individual who drew in, and expelled, writers, artists and thinkers. In his writings (Second Surrealist Manifesto, Nadja, aroused Love, etc.) he explained his ideas and thoughts. In 1927 he joined the Communist Party. Salvador Dali was a famous Spanish painter. His father was a notary. In 1929 Dali joined the Surrealist group in Paris. He was an author of more than 1500 paintings. Rene Magritte. His career as a Surrealist began in 1926 when Magritte produced his first surrealist painting, Le jockey perdu, and held his first exhibition in Brussels in 1927. hence he moved to Paris and joined the surrealistic group.

ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM - Essay ExampleSolicitors were more concerned with dresser action such as the preparation of contr pieces for clients. Since 1991, solicitors with a little extra qualification have been allowed to act as advocates before the highest courts. On the other hand, barristers can now deal directly with professional clients without the interposition of a Solicitor. Many commentators believe that the two levelheaded professions, once almost entirely separate, are tardily entering a state of gradual fusion as both are training and set themselves to serve in the capacity of the other.Solicitors require a practicing certificate if they are to be involved in legal work. An exception is made for those in local government, commerce and industry. In 1996 there were 8702 firms of solicitors in England and Wales which acquire at least 15,000 per annum, with 4,377 of those firms classified as sole practiti integrityrs.1There are also Legal Executives who qualify separately from both Barristers and Solicitors. Legal Executives carry out lower-level procedural or transactional work and must work under the supervision of a Solicitor. These functionaries are classified as paralegals in other countries. The practice of having authorize Conveyancers started in 1986. They work separately from solicitors and are focused on domestic property transactions. The profession has its give birth system of qualification.The legal profession is largely self- stupefyd. The chief methods of regulation are restrictions on entry, restrictions on publicise and other means of promoting a competitive process within the profession and restrictions on fee competition. The associations that regulate the practice of legal professionals are largely independent of government control.The main tool for regulation of the legal profession comprises the limitations imposed on who may enter into the legal profession. To become a solicitor one must take one of two degree routes or,

Benchmarking as an important activity in the analysis of e-Business Essay

Benchmarking as an important activity in the analysis of e-Business Web sites - Essay ExampleE-business has given every presidency that drills it a additional advantage running their businesses. Competition to produce an online website that tells about the organization and its product has in interchangeable manner started. In the same way selling products online through a website has also become popular, thither argon indisputable advantages attached to it that we wont go into that detail. Another important aspect of running a business online successfully is to check whether an organizations website is according to the standards of its competitors. This can be done using certain techniques like surveys, questionnaires and conducting interviews. This article explored a new technique called benchmarking. Benchmarking is basically evaluating the content of the website in terms of its advantage and usability compared to your competitors. The brilliance of this method can be gauge d by the fact that the two aspects that are being benchmarked namely usefulness and usability can only determine the actual return your website is giving to the organization. Claiming your website is successful by checking the number of quantify it has been viewed is useless, kind of the benchmarking method makes a lot of sense as it is analyzing the two vital factors that originally sink whether a website is successful or not.If we go 30 years back in time there was no concept of using a computer to communicate to a co-worker or direct an email to your stomp for a certain favor. Records were kept on files in a closet. If your boss postulate information about last years sale you had to tell him if he can wait for 2 days, and your boss agreed. Today if you reply to your boss in the same manner its obvious your boss wont accept your reply, instead it might be possible that you are fired. This gets a bit harsh but this is a fact. engineering has taken great steps all these years and is looking to go even faster as the time moves on. It is important for every person to keep up with the moving engineering to survive in this founding, especially organizations that are running businesses internationally and on the Internet. Keeping in touch with the technology drift has become a necessity in this case as every organization looks for improving itself with the use of newer and better technology. E-business might seem easy as to setup a website and conduct your business online, but its not the case and its not as easy as you think. As new and better technologies preface the market an organization has to make accredited that it acquires it and makes the best use of it. It is important to keep abreast of technology trends when running an e-business because once a firm starts e-business it is attaching itself to the world of Internet and technology, and if an organization gets involved in this world it has to keep a track of what is going on and what is new so a s to make sure it does not lag behind in any field.Q. 3. Comment on one recent technology trend, and discuss how it might affect an e-Business.As technology advances trends are being setup. For example a certain technology becomes famous as it enters the market and everyone gets attracted to it for a while. After 3 or 4 months a better technology comes into being and now people are driven towards this one. This will keep

Acknowledgement- master dissertation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Acknowledgement- master dissertation - Essay ExampleXXXX taught me that to learn is to constantly challenge what I have learned. It was only through his support and persevering patience that I found the courage and allow for to overcome the many obstacles and vicissitudes on my way to finishing this dissertation.- My professors, XXXX and XXXX, for their helpful comments and insightful critique in manoeuver me through the techniques of dissertation writing and choice of topic. Their pragmatic realism coupled with constant encouragement allowed me to recruit in both knowledge and character.- My beloved father, Dr. XXXXX, who stands as my role model in both my ad hominem and academic life, for his unwavering support and prayers for my wellbeing and success, and for always being there for me- My mother, my first and wisest teacher, for raising me to nurture knowledge and virtue, and for standing by me and encouraging me with her sweet words and unshakeable faith in my eventual succe ss, non only in my graduate studies, for in everything I pursue in life.- My dear husband, XXXXX, for being the twirl beneath my wings, and for being the wellspring of support and patience I needed to forge on. It is his belief and hope in me that saw me through the most difficult times in the course of my graduate

Sports Exercise Science Paper Essay Example for Free

Sports Exercise Science Paper establishAussieFit offers two inexpensive membership options starting at basic Fit which is $4.95 a week. Includes Full-club access includes strength, cardio and f altogether by the wayside weights. Each is designed to fit your schedule and budget. BasicFit plus Includes all BasicFit privileges PLUS Aussie-style world- phase Group physical fitness including BodyPump, Cycling, Zumba, and more From $6.89 a week and for just $5 extra per week, you can add on your superior of the Little Nippers Kids Club or Unlimited Touch less Tanning.There be several weights that atomic number 18 available mostly all the basic equipment, the site does not reveal too much education regarding weights. There are withal several programs like Zumba Fitness a Latin-inspired dance-fitness that blends international music, created by Grammy award-winning producers. Body Attack which is a dramatic plays inspired cardio drill that builds strength and stamina. Its a hi gh-intensity program is designed to a wide range of fitness levels and ages. The possibility of using low-impact and low-intensity options throughout the class allows new participants to enjoy the class alongside very fit individual.Also Body Combat which is a unique, Martial Arts-based utilisation thats designed for people looking to boost cardio fitness and benefit from total body conditioning. Primarily for fun, this workout is particularly for youthful, sociable individuals who are likely to attend classes with friends. Body flow a workout which combines Yoga, Thai Chi and Pilates and is designed for those looking to improve general fitness, relax and reduce stress, ontogeny mental pellucidness and to get a sense of well-being. It requires low-level coordination and is particularly popular with the more mature market.There is also Body Jam which puts together the latest dance moves and the hottest new sounds and is designed for the young and young at heart itsperfect for con fident, social people who like to listen to the latest music and fork up out all the latest trends. Another unity is Body pump which is the original barbell class that is for of all ages and fitness levels, and is perfect for anyone looking to get the best possible results in the shortest time. It is favored by those who are bored by an individual weights program and by group fitness people who recognize the imply to add some weight training to their workout.Another one is Body Step an energizing step-based cardio workout that uses a height-adjustable step and simple movements on, over and around the step. Including cardio blocks that push fat burning into high cant followed by muscle-conditioning tracks that shape and tone the body, its perfect for anyone looking for a fun way to increase fitness. The Website however does not reveal the following color schemes, music, atmosphere and uniforms. Also absent recreational leagues, clinics, types of sport instruction offered, due to the fact the gym does not have any gymnasiums.The number of employees capacity, number of administrators capacity, is also confidential information. In conclusion, I felt the gym website did a fairly below average profession with their website. I felt the website was not well rounded and focused too much on one specific key area being their programs and did not cover all the areas equally. The club website also lacked a lot of information and was really too basic and general to the point of boredom, so I do not think I would attend AusssieFit due to the fact the website lacked creativity, in depth information and mutation with what they have to offer.

Move and position Essay Example for Free

Move and position Essay11 Outline the anatomy and physiology of the human body in coition to the importance of correct abject and pose of respective(prenominal)s The anatomy which the physical structure of the body and physiology which is the normal functions of the body help personists to move their limbs. Muscles sport the power of contraction thus it produce battlefront of the body and solelyow the bones to work equal hinges. When despicable someone/individual it is important to remember that the muscles can only move the joint as far as the bones will allow them. 12 Describe the impact of detail conditions on the correct movement and stead of an individual If an individual has suffer from a stroke this may birth loss of movement in the limbs on one side of the body (hemiplegia). In that human face it is very important to remember that when you be assisting an individual with regards to dressing you ingest to dress the individual first the bad side and when undressing him/her you do the bad side lastly to prevent discomfort.Read more(prenominal) detect each fast take a chances to the individual essay so that mean by detecting this procedure you are non pulling their muscles in the wrong direction. 21 Describe how legislation and agreed ways of works affect working practices related to moving and positioning individuals How legislation and agreed ways of working affect working practices Current, local, UK and European legislation affects procedures and practices.This include Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (as amended 2004), report of Injuries, Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (England, Wales and Scotland) Health and Safety at Work (Northern Ireland) coif 1 978, Lifting operations and lifting Equipment Regulation (1998( LOLER, The Work postal service (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 1995, Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER ) 1998, steering of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSWR) 1999 Dispower Discrimination Act (1995), Human Rights Act (1998).In the workplace in that respect is Code of Practice and Conduct, Standards and Guidance relevant to individuals role and responsibilities eg wellness and natural rubber policies, moving and intervention policies, moving and handling techniques, Policies on information sharing, risk sound judgement documentation, individual headache stick outs, transmission system control procedures, recording and reporting procedures ect.All these policies and procedures can affect our working practices for interpreter Manual and Handling is ab show up supporting the weight of someone or moving them yourself by hire an equipment, If you do non carry this procedures safely it could result injury to self, to service exploiter and other individual that are working with you. The Health and Safety Work Act (1974) state that 50% or all accident reported each year are from assisting people with manual and handling.The regulation that are launch impose duties on employers, self- employed and employees, they state that employers must avoid all hazardous manual handling activities where it is practical to do so. Employees must follow the work system set by the employer to promote care for the health and safety of self and others, comply with the requirement imposed on the employer, never misuse or interfere with anything provided for health, safety and welfare. Also use material or equipment only according to recommended procedures.22 Describe what health and safety factors need to be slangn into account when moving and positioning individual and any equipment used to do this Health and safety factors that need to take into account when moving and positioning individual and any equipment used to do this are as follows Environmental hazards wet or guileful floor, wires that are hanging or are on the floor and items in the immediate area tha t could cause a trip or a fall or preventing you to move freely when using equipment, precautions for infection prevention and controls, ensuring any equipment is ready for use and fault free, individual trained in the use of any equipment and have the skills for the moving and positioning required any factors that might affect the individuals ability to move or position others eg physical disability or injury, pregnancy or other health check condition procedures to minimise risk of injury (back injury) to the individual carrying out the moving and handling importance of not dragging including effect on pressure sores importance of wearing suitable clothing that allows free movement when bending or stretching suitable, safe footwear, equipment eg hoists, slides, slide sheets, slings, pillows. 33 Identify any immediate risks to the individual The immediate risks to the individual are as follows environmental factors, equipment, service user and person knotted in the moving and han dling.The service user could be in danger or harm if procedures has not carried out correctly, individual could be at risk of infection, it could cause pain, discomfort or friction from moving, not having proper moving and handling techniques could be a risk to individual. Those assisting in the moving and handling, others within the environment and servicer. Equipment can be faulty. Risk can occur any time at your work place that why it is important to always check and identify risks and try to correct it straight away ( ie) if you are using a sling to hoist a service user and it has a tear on it no matter how small the risk is, if it is not being corrected straight away this could allow for to a big risk and may cause detrimental damage to self, service user and others guided.Therefore a risk assessment plan should be in place so that it can be changed and implement as to requirement of service users needs. 34 Describe actions to take in relation to identify risks Action that ne eds to be taken in relation to identified risk are as follows To report it to Nurse in Charge on duty or Manager so that risk assessment plan can be updated. Ensure service user and all people concern in the care are made aware of the changes, ensure provide are implement procedures according the update risk assessment. Ensure the plan design comply with the desire requirement policy and staff are working within those guidelines. Communicating with the team to find out from staff whether the plan in place are working or any changes needs to be done.35 Describe what action should be taken if the individuals wishes conflict with their plan of care in relation to health and safety and their risk assessment Policy and procedures in relation to moving and handling may conflict with service user wishes. Due accident that happening in workplace due to lifting. Many workplace has now adopted NO-Lifting policy which means that hoists are to use according to their needs. However on many oc casions service user do not exigency to be hoisted and if dealt with it incorrectly, it could leave service user feeling scared, undignified, humiliated, distressed and degraded. As much as employees has to follow policies but you find yourself in trouble due to basic human right may have been violated..To prevent conflict between service user and workplace policies relating moving and positioning you must involve service user in their own risk assessment and mobility service plan if appropriate. . Risk assessment to be focus on service user needs only on Employer needs. . Patient Centred anxiety Plan with agreement to service user taking into account requirement needs. . Wishes of service user need to be balanced to ensure employer are not putting themselves at risk through moving and positioning activities. By involving service user in their care this will promote independence, autonomy and dignity. service of process user may change and mobility can improve or deteriorate whi ch may lead changes to their hear on how they wish to be moved or positioned.If their wishes conflict with their plan of support, it is important to document this in the service user care plan and inform the manager and outside agency that are involved in the care of the service user. 61Describe when advice and/or assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual safely You would seek advice . When individual that need moving has preferences that conflict with safe practice. . When risk cannot be dealt with . When equipment appears to be worn, damaged or unsafe to use . When techniques or equipment used require more than one person to use it safely . When working unaided would exceed personal handling cumber. When individual care plan and/or risk assessment cannot be follow as be after . When Organisational policies and procedures cannot be followed. 62 Describe what sources of information are available about moving and positioning Sources about moving and positioning i s available within the work setting such as policies, procedures and manuals, there is also advice from other practitioners such as nurse, welfare officer, physiotherapist or team advising on health and safety eg back care, sources external to the setting including local authority, primary care trust and organisations promoting health and safety and caring for those with physical disability, Back care advisor (BCA).

What Do I Have to Offer This College Family Essay Example for Free

What Do I Have to Offer This College Family EssayUpon choosing this topic I pondered, what next? I sat in front of my PC deliberating what direction I wanted this tour to go in, and what impression I wanted to give my future alma maters admissions of myself and then it smitten me. The point of this essay is not to paint an illusion of myself to you, but, to show you what I have to offer as a unique individual. Marrianne Williamson in her book, Return to Love and I quote, wrote, Our greatest fear is not that we be inadequate, but that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness that frightens us.We ask ourselves, who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, handsome, talented and fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be? I first stumbled upon this quote during one of my quantify of feeling deeply insignifi crowd outt among my high school population. I decided that constantly feeling as though you are insignificant leads to you becoming insignificant. I am a beli ever that the mind is a very powerful thing and I plan to design this belief a self faith to encourage those around me to do nothing but their best because the minute you start believing your welt is your best, it in fact becomes the best you can do.Academically, I am well rounded. I have all over the years gained all the necessary basic knowledge to excel in any subject I decide to work at. I study well in groups and have always had a revel for tutoring as such during and after high school I took the responsibility of tutoring my boylikeer sister and her friends at the primary level. Throughout high school I also tutored my friends in order to ensure that leisure time time was not affected by poor academics. The passion for helping those in need, has become a part of who I am and I intend to use this to help those around me if I am accepted into the university.I am extremely confident a team player, athletic and energetic young woman and I have dreams of one day helping ever yone around me see that they too can be apart of this world holding only a positive outlook for their lives and being hard about consequences. I am trained as a peer councillor and intend to use my skills for self upliftment as well as the maintaining of the mental well being of those I encounter in my tenure at this prestigious university. It would be unlike me to not mention my rich Jamaican inheritance as one of the things I have to offer this university.Cultural diversity is one of the many things that guess university life worthwhile and I am no doubt endowed with a mixture of cultures as the Jamaican culture has evolved to included aspects of cultures of people from all walks of life. I hope I have tending(p) you a good enough idea of what I have to offer this institution, but I find out you this is just the tip of the ice berg. I also have no doubt that I leave not be a silent student as I intend to be a production member of the university family. As we say in Jamaica Wi likkle but wi tallawah, meaning big things come in small packages.

Immanuel Kant Essay Example for Free

Immanuel Kant EssayHYPERLINK http//www. philosophyp ripens. com/ph/kant. htm Immanuel Kant answers the question in the first blame of the essay Enlightenment is mans emergence from his egotism-incurred immaturity. He argues that the immaturity is self-inflicted not from a deprivation of understanding, but from the lack of courage to use ones reason, intellect, and wisdom without the guidance of another. He exclaims that the saying of enlightenment is Sapere aude D be to be wise The German word Unmundigkeit means not having attained age of volume or legal adulthood. Unmundig also means dependent or unfree, and another translation is accusation or nonage (the condition of not being of age). Kant, whose moral philosophy is centred around the concept of autonomy, here distinguishes amidst a person who is intellectuall(a)y autonomous and one who keeps him/herself in an intellectually heteronomous, i. e. dependent and immature status. Kant understands the majority of people to be content to follow the guiding institutions of society, such as the Church and the Monarchy, and unable to r and so on off the yoke of their immaturity due to a lack of resolution to be autonomous.It is difficult for individuals to campaign their way out of this immature, cowardly life because we are so uncomfortable with the idea of thinking for ourselves. Kant says that horizontal if we did throw off the spoon-fed dogma and formulas we allow absorbed, we would still be stuck, because we have never cultivated our minds. The find out to throwing off these chains of mental immaturity is reason. There is hope that the entire public could become a force of free thinking individuals if they are free to do so. Why? There bequeath evermore be a few people, even among the institutional guardians, who think for themselves.They will help the rest of us to cultivate our minds. Kant shows himself a man of his times when he observes that a revolution may well throw an end to auto cratic despotism . . . or power-seeking oppression, but it will never produce a unfeigned reform in ways of thinking. The recently completed American Revolution had made a outstanding impression in Europe Kant cautions that new prejudice will replace the old and become a new leash to control the great unthinking masses. Immanuel Kants Ideas on Science and Morality According to the 18th-century German thinker Immanuel Kant, no person may possess inherent wisdom about mankind.This is best summarized in the philosophers famous expression, Thoughts without content are empty perceptions without data are blind. Indeed, Kant believes that in show for us to practice our sensible experience, we mustiness possess two stimuli, physical sensation and moral duty. The first of the two addresses a portion of Kantian thought cognize as empirical realism, a reasoning that defines that absolute reality as the entire universe in which all human beings dwell.Every time we acquire out-of-d oor data from that absolute reality, our perception of it assumes a greater degree of accuracy. And what would be the optimal way of getting such data with save minimal if whatsoever contact with other persons perceptions (which are, like ours, inaccurate, only in different ways, since each human being possesses a unique arsenal of experiences)? Scientific exploration is, therefore, the gravestone to an ultimate comprehension of things-in-themselves. Kant was a fervent admirer of Newtonian thought and the Scientific Method, which permitted scientists to ascend to incomparable heights in their understanding of and control over nature.The second stimulus to action, moral duty, wills the explanation for the purport of all human actions toward the comprehension of the universe. This portion of Kants doctrine has been dubbed by the philosopher as transcendental idealism, since it establishes a good example outside the natural valet de chambre upon which correct actions are base d. Kant sees the ultimate virtues to be the attempts to reach three goals which are not yet found in reality, divinity fudge, freedom, and the immortality of individuals. God, the Creator and Supreme Being of the universe, must be fathomed, decently interpreted, and obeyed in accordance with his true desires.Freedom, the individual liberty to act as one wishes and to grant all others this chasten, must be instituted through societal reforms and a development of ideology to understand the proper stray that would establish such an atmosphere. And, at last, every human being must rise to possess the beneficial to exist for an indefinite length of time that he may 1 / 3 obey the commandments of God and practice his freedoms. Kant states that all which is right and moral must be based upon those three principles.As such, Kant separates the scientific res publica (which describes what is) from the moral realm (which explains what ought to be), but he considers these two realms to go hand-in-hand ultimately advocating putting the scientific realm in service to moral one. Kant The Copernican Revolution in Philosophy The philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is sometimes called the Copernican revolution of philosophy to emphasize its novelty and huge importance.Kant synthesized (brought together) rationalism and quackery. After Kant, the old get by between rationalists and empiricists ended, and epistemology went in a new direction. After Kant, no discussion of reality or association could take place without awareness of the role of the human mind in constructing reality and knowledge. sum-up of freethinking The paradigm rationalist philosophers are Plato (ancient) Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz (modern).Dont trust senses, since they sometimes deceive and since the knowledge they provide is inferior (because it changes). Reason alone can provide knowledge. Math is the paradigm of real knowledge. There are innate ideas, e. g. , Platos Forms, or Descartes conc epts of self, substance, and identity. The self is real and discernable through immediate intellectual intuition (cogito ergo sum).Moral notions are comfortably grounded in an objective standard external to self in God, or Forms. Kant says rationalists are sort of right about (3) and (4) above wrong about (1) and (2). Kant would like (5) to be true. Summary of Empiricism The paradigm empiricist philosophers are Aristotle (ancient) Locke, Berkeley, Hume (modern). Senses are the primary, or only, source of knowledge of serviceman. Psychological atomism. math deals only with relations of ideas (tautologies) gives no knowledge of military personnel. No innate ideas (though Berkeley accepts Cartesian self).General or coordination compound ideas are derived by abstraction from simple ones (conceptualism). Hume theres no immediate intellectual intuition of self. The concept of Self is not supported by sensations either. Hume no sensations support the notion of necessary connections between causes and effects, or the notion that the future will resemble the past. Hume is does not imply ought. Source of morality is feeling. Kant thinks empiricism is on the right track re (1), sort of right re (2), wrong re (3), (4), (5), and (6). Summary of Kants Argument The epistemological debate between rationalism and empiricism is basically about whether, or to what extent the senses contribute to knowledge.Both rationalism and empiricism take for granted that its possible for us to acquire knowledge of Reality, or how things really are, as opposed to how they seem to us. But both rationalism and empiricism overlook the fact that the human mind is limited it can experience and imagine only inside certain constraints. These constraints are both synthetic and a priori. All our possible experience must conform to these SAPs. The SAPs include location in space and time, causality, experiencing self, thing-ness, identity, and various mathematical notions.(Twentieth- century Ges talt psychologys attack on psychological atomism is based on Kants views. ) Therefore, we must distinguish the public we experience, bounded by SAPs, and the world of things as they really are in themselves. Kant calls these two worlds the phenomenal (apparent) world versus the noumenal (real) world. Empiricism pretty much nails what it means to know something, once the SAPs are in place i. e. , within the phenomenal world, empiricism rules. The phenomenal world is a world of things, publicly observable, describable by science, known to the senses, determined by physical laws.No God, no 2 / 3 freedom, no soul, no set exist in this world. If God, freedom, souls, and values exist, then they must be noumenal and unknowable by any public means. Thus, according to Kant Both rationalism and empiricism are wrong when they claim that we can know things in themselves. Rationalists are wrong not to trust senses in the phenomenal world, senses are all we have. Rationalists are right about i nnate ideas, but not in Platos sense of Forms much more like Descartes in argument of the wax. Hume is wrong when he claims the concept of self is unsupported by senses, and thus bogus.Rather, the experiencing self is a pre-condition for having any experience at all (Descartes was right). Hume is wrong when he says the notion that the future will resemble the past is due only to custom and habit. That notion is a SAP we couldnt have ordinary experience without it. Hume is wrong when he says the source of morality is feeling. Morality, properly understood, provides the key to linking the noumenal and phenomenal worlds. Kant argues that if morality is real, then human freedom is real, and therefore humans are not merely creatures of the phenomenal world (not merely things suit to laws).Ramifications of Kants Views Kant revolutionized philosophy. Kant showed that the mind, through its innate categories, constructs our experience along certain lines (space, time, causality, self, etc. ). Thus, thinking and experiencing give no access to things as they really are. We can think as herculean as we like, but we will never escape the innate constraints of our minds. Kant forced philosophy to look bad at the world for the agent (what Kant calls the phenomenal world) independently of the real world outside consciousness the world in itself (the noumenal world).Ethics had long recognized the importance for moral evaluation of how things seem to the agent. But the ramifications of Kants noumenal-phenomenal distinction extend far beyond ethics. Philosophers like to take credit for all the big events in 19th century intellectual history as direct consequences of Kants philosophical legitimizing of the perspective of the subject Hegel and German idealism, Darwinism, Romanticism, pragmatism, Marxism, the triumph of utilitarianism, Nietzsche, and the establishment of psychology as a science, especially Gestalt psychology.Phenomena and NoumenaHaving seen Kants transcendenta l deduction of the categories as pure concepts of the understanding applicable a priori to every possible experience, we might naturally wish to deal the further question whether these regulative principles are really true. Are there substances? Does every event have a cause? Do all things interact? Given that we must suppose them in order to have any experience, do they obtain in the world itself? To these further questions, Kant firmly refused to offer any answer.According to Kant, it is vital always to distinguish between the distinct realms of phenomena and noumena. Phenomena are the appearances, which constitute the our experience noumena are the (presumed) things themselves, which constitute reality. All of our synthetic a priori judgments apply only to the phenomenal realm, not the noumenal. (It is only at this level, with respect to what we can experience, that we are justified in imposing the structure of our concepts onto the objects of our knowledge. ) Since the thing in itself (Ding an sich) would by definition be entirely independent of our experience of it, we are utterly ignorant of the noumenal realm.Thus, on Kants view, the some fundamental laws of nature, like the truths of mathematics, are knowable precisely because they make no effort to describe the world as it really is but rather prescribe the structure of the world as we experience it. By applying the pure forms of sensible intuition and the pure concepts of the understanding, we achieve a systematic view of the phenomenal realm but learn nothing of the noumenal realm. Math and science are certainly true of the phenomena only metaphysics claims to instill us about the noumena. POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

Reaction Paper Essay Example for Free

Reaction Paper renderThe untold history Rizals reflections during the Spanish occupation had led him to predict and reveal the potential conditions that will exercise into existence in the Philippines after a century. Which in fact happened in the country. No virtuoso knows what was in his mind during that time but one fire easily assume that he wrote a record description of the past events that accounts the unenlightened state of the Filipino people. These circumstances directly imply that the country is the last victim of a disease diffused by Spain. This was the opposite side of the story that was not presented to legion(predicate) spectators of European discoveries. In line with this analysis, let me refer to the elementary teachings about the goal of European colonizers in establishing settlements in the country, the 3 Gs divinity fudge, Gold, Glory. To be able to apply this in a consistent manner, the Spaniards tried to give rules and policies to its colony to sus tain its glory which was the source of the reduced number of Philippine inhabitants. In this case, this was a happy ingrain made by Spaniards to maintain its supremacy.Furthermore, they continued to saturate them with their foreign beliefs. This therefore was the beginning of their God goal, they infused to the natives the Christian faith which exposed them to their so c altogethered higher faith which communicates that they are better and more adroit than the natives. With this newly introduced faith, natives were attracted to a different lifestyle and culture. A culture filled with repeated prayers, songs, images of white-skinned saints and any other religious rites taught and performed by friars.Constantly practicing this, the natives became ashamed of what they originally have, their indigenous knowledge and activities were accordingly condemned. Most of the Filipino people took them three centuries to realize that their culture and practices had undergone evolution. Howeve r, this does not suggests that Filipino people lack intellectual distinctness to be fully aware of their impoverished condition. Because they are also humans conditioned to learn from their visible environment and with this they have the capacity to discover things that are happening around them.They found out that they mountain not anymore tolerate the new culture they are engaged to because it brought tension and stress to them. This was then a message to the Spaniards that they can no longer fool the natives whom they thought, in their get-go encounter with them, as ignorant and uneducated. Maybe what drove the Spaniards to describe the nature of the natives is their inferior feelings towards them. Their rich resources and environment wherein they easily able and their capacity to create implements and tools out of it.Of course there are several reasons why any colonizer would feel inferior to the Filipino people, not to mention Rizal who embodied the country through his ach ievements. Having realized all their misfortunes during the Spanish period, the Filipino people failed to use their culture as a form of resistance. This was the most vivid and successful idea so far carried by the colonizers because they penetrated through the core of their civilization which eventually demolished their diversed cultures. Which is also the reason that caused them to be indolent and moribund.They are so fond of peace that kept harmonised relations with the colonizers which also brought them to the extent of adhering to the established customs and doctrines. Rizal mentioned that improvement and growth of the country can be hindered due to the continuous brutalization of the Filipinos. The Filipino people during the Spanish colonization were divided in toll of ways how to overthrow the colonizers, as mentioned in class, the revolution from above and the revolution from below sets the division.Brutalization can either set a revolution in light of freedom or stagnat ion which causes roughness to remain among the people. As long as the Spaniards maintain their bragity to the natives, they are depriving them of its ability for self-determination which then their progress remains to be under control. Rizal wanted change by using reason and not through military engagement that is the reason he wrote several essays including this one to make the people be aware of its present condition.The Spaniards coerced the natives to indulge to the benefits of the newly found faith, however, we can not assumed that every move done by the Spaniards brought undesirable qualities to the native culture. Because in any particular situation, their contributions somehow caused the people to meld with other groups of the island. But going back to the three goals God, gold and glory, we can argue that God was interpreted advantaged by the friars to exploit the natural resources of the country.Taking for example the practice of giving tithes and offerings, ten percen t is unaccompanied asked for the tithes and offering is an act of contributing unconditionally to the church as an extension the Lords kingdom. And as long as Christianity is concerned, giving by coercion can not bring salvation to a certain person. The previous(prenominal) observations about the Spanish domination exposed the issue of monopolizing the knowledge and intelligence of the Filipino people.No one knows the exact reasons for such activity since they were pampered by the natives in such a way that the colonizers presumed that they are the superior race who have the power to dominate the lower ones. Even though colonizing the Philippines is not the real plan since it seems like a serendipitous one, they declared to the whole world that the new soil is another comparative degree value of which they are not for a reason that the treatment given to them by the original inhabitants of the island entails their superiority.This does not suggests that the blame is on the early natives who made contact with the dying visitors, instead it proposes the idea that the Europeans were only depending on their hypothesis about the unkn possess world found on the other side of the planet. It doesnt mean that the first people to develop navigational technologies and to set out to exotic places are those who can manipulate the consummate world. With Rizals observations concerning the establishment of the Spanish colony and its creation of intitutions in the country.He laid the future conditions of the Philippines in capital and careful detail. It is very astounding to find that he has a great mind in comprehending the conditions in the next hundred years However, to avoid misinterpreting his abilities again, he is not a prophet who speaks predictions, he is on the dot a mere writer interpreting and examining the general state of the country with the hope of bringing it to its own independent state.

The Cold War Essay Example for Free

The snappy War EssayIt was in the latter part of the 1960s when Americas National astronautics and Space Administration succeeded in landing a manned mission on the moon. hardly this position is not enough to define the 60s it was the Cold War between the USSR and the United States of America that can rightfully make this claim. A closer look into the motivations behind the space program will reveal that the hotheaded force was President Kennedys desire to show the world that the American way of life is go against than what communism has to offer. In 1960, Nikita Khrushchev, Soviet Russias commander-in-chief declared that Americas grandchildren would live under communism (Shapiro, 2004). In 1963 America was in the brink of a nuclear war with the USSR. The Cuban Missile Crisis was averted only(prenominal) at the last minute. Both Russia and the United States were determined to show the total world which ideology was the beat out (Westad, 2007). It is a good thing that bot h nations were evenly matched and so the world was spared another global war.But since Khrushchev made that UN speech, Americans could never rest easy. Although there were no Russian-made nuclear warheads that found its way into American soil, flock still live in dread. According to Shapiro, We constructed mock air raids in our schools we engineered civil defense plans to rush along evacuations of metropolitan areas, we built up our military forces and armament (2004). In short the Cold War consumed the whole of the United States and its impact will be felt three decades later.a

Woman Hollering Creek - Short story Essay Example for Free

char Hollering Creek Short story EssayWoman Hollering Creek and Other Stories is a book of short stories published in 1991 by San Antonio-based Mexican-American writer Sandra Cisneros. The collection reflects Cisneross experience of being surrounded by American influences sequence still being familially shrink to her Mexican heritage as she grew-up north of the Mexico-US border.Woman Hollering Creek and Other StoriesThese tales focus on the social role of women, and their relationships with the men and other women in their lives. The majority of the characters are stereotypes men embody machismo while women are nave and generally weak. Cisneros focuses on three feminine clichs the passive virgin, sinful seductress, and traitorous mother.1 Not properly belonging to either Mexico or America, the Chicana protagonists earnestly search for their identity, only to dis strain poke fun and shattered dreams. Apart from focusing on these issues of struggling females, Cisneros simulta neously develops the readers sensitivity towards the lives of immigrants.First edition cover AuthorThe vignettes are quite short on average the longest is 29 pages, while the shortest is fewer than five paragraphs. Despite such limited space, Cisneros experiments with daring poetic prose in her storytelling for example, each story presents a new character with a distinct literary voice and style. Such writing has earned her the prenomen of an accomplished Chicana poet, with the added credentials of her published books of poetry My Wicked Wicked Ways (1987) and Loose Woman (1994).2

Advanced Microeconomics Essay Example for Free

Advanced Microeconomics EssayQuestion 1 Consumer Theory1.1In two the Marsh wholeian and Hicksian consumer optimisation problems, it is assumed that consumers be supposed to be rational. The main focusing of these problems are cost minimisation and utility maximisation, which play a huge part in consumer demand, only when in very life, these are not the only problems that are considered. Also, it is assumed that every consumers unconcern kink up for two goods would be the selfsame(prenominal) they are very generalised models, and do not fill up into account new(prenominal) factors. For example, not many consumers would spend their entire budget on said goods hotshot thing to consider would be a consumers marginal propensity to consume and save. Though two of the problems provide a framework and model of consumer decisions, they are not plausible when applying them to real-life terms, because we extradite imperfect k nowledge.1.2The pattern given in the question, is the rearranged derivative of the Hicksian demand being equal to the Marshallian demand, when income from the budget constraint is equal to minimised ingestion, whereby m=ep, . This is given by dDdp= dHdp- dDdm . dedpusing m = e.Shephards Lemma provides us an alternative way of filiation Hicksian demand functions, using e. It is given by dedp= x*It is important to note that e is strictly change magnitude in p, due to Shephards Lemma, and x* 0,by assumption. Substituting this into the higher up expression gives dDdp= dHdp- dDdm x*This expression now represents a complete law of demand, as it has combined two Marshallian and Hicksian demand, whereby income from the budget constraint of Marshallian demand, is equal to minimised expenditure of Hicksian demand. Therefore, it has maximised utility and minimised cost simultaneously, to create an optimal quantity of demand in x*. The first term, dDdp, meat that Marshallian demand (maximising utility) increases, relative to the price of the good. dHdp represents the Hicksian part of the expression, whereby expenditure is minimised, relative to the price of thegood.Question 3 untoward Selection, Moral Hazard and Insurance3.1Insurance markets are needed when encounter is present. Risk conks when there is suspense about the state of the world. For example, car drivers do not know if they depart crash their car in future, and suffer a press release of wealth so they would purchase restitution to eliminate this run a riskiness of loss, and nurture them if they were to ever crash their car. Agents ( grease ones palmsers of constitution) lead use restitution markets to transfer their income between unalike states of the world. This al execrables indemnity markets to trade risk between notional and low-risk meanss/states. These can be described as Pareto movements. A Pareto improvement is the allocation, or reallocation of resources to make one individual better off, without making another individual worse off. other term for this is multi-criteria optimisation, where variables and parameters are manipulated to result in an optimal government agency, where no further improvements can be made. When the situation occurs that no to a greater extent improvements can be made, it is Pareto efficient.A condition for efficiency is the least risk-averse agent bears all the risk in an insurance market. If a risk-averse agent bears risk, they would be willing to pay to remove it. A risk-averse agent has a diminishing marginal utility of income whereby his marginal utility is disparate across states, if his income is different across states. The agent would give up income in high-income states, in which his marginal utility is low, to have more(prenominal) income in low-income states (e.g. boastful state of the world causing a loss of wealth), where his marginal utility would be high. If the insurance market is risk neutral, they will sell insurance to the customer, as long as the ho norarium begetd is higher than the expected value of pay-outs that the in reliabler is contracted to give to the customer in different states of the world.Whenever the agent bears some risk, unexploited gains from trade exist. Absence of unexploited gains from trade is a requirement in an efficient insurance market, therefore the situation essential arise, whereby the agents income is equalised across the states of the world. A risk neutral insurance company can charge a premium to equalise the agents income across states of the world, in the best interests of the risk-averse agent. Also, for an insurance market to beefficient, a impinging condition is implied. The tangency of the indifference curves of a risk-averse agent, and a risk-neutral agent, is where efficiency occurs. At this point, one cannot be made better off, without the other being made worse off (Pareto efficiency).However, an insurance company will never be whole efficient in real life, as information dissymmetr y exists. The first type of information asymmetry to arise in an insurance market is moral hazard, whereby the actions that an agent may request after sign the contract cannot be observed. This gives the company a trade-off decision between giving generous insurance or offering incentives for the agent. Full insurance is first-best in the absence of a cruciate information, when the insurance company is risk-neutral and the agent is risk-averse. However, if the agent is fully insured by the company, they have no reason to prevent a dingy state of the world from happening. To solve this problem, the insurance company will not offer full insurance, in order to provide the agent with an incentive to avoid losses.The second type of information asymmetry to occur in an insurance market, is adverse selection. This is when the agent has private information about his risk type and characteristics, and agents in the market are heterogenous. As the insurer doesnt know which agents are que stioning or low risk, the company will not offer different types of full insurance to match risk-types, as high-risk agents will prefer contracts that are designed for low-risk agents. To solve this, the insurer will offer low-risk agents less insurance this ensures that high-risk types do not have the incentive to lease a contract for low-risk customers, as they will want more insurance, because they know they will need to claim more.This ensures that the insurance company maintains non-negative profit, as high-risk individuals cost more to insure. However, these solutions carry agency costs, because the result is less efficient than if symmetric information was present. I believe that risk neutrality of an insurance company is a sufficient condition for insurance to defy place. Insurance companies are risk-neutral to maximise expected profits, therefore as the principal, will design contracts to achieve this, as well as making certain that the agent picks the desired effort (i. e to prevent a bad state of the world) for that contract, and to make sure that the agent even picks thecontract in the first place. Making sure incentives are compatible, and ensuring participation by the correct risk types, are constraints on maximising expected profits.If an insurance company was risk-averse, without the availability of symmetric information, they cannot differentiate between different risk-types, and therefore would not want to take on the risk of workable high-risk agents buying low-risk contracts. They would charge a higher premium to send-off this, which would discourage low-risk customers to sign a contract with the company, as it would not be maximising their own utility. This would behave to a missing market, where trade would be prevented, because other risk-neutral companies would offer better contracts, and they would be able to dislocate all the low-risk customers. The magnitude of this would depend on the number of low- and high-risk people in the population. This leads me to believe that risk neutrality is in addition a necessary condition for insurance to take place.3.2An insurance company will sell a policy, c, r, if it makes non-negative profits, then r-pic 0,where c = payout, pi = opportunity of the loss state, r = premium. Competition in the market drives profit down to zero, therefore r-pic = 0 in chemical equilibrium. For the contract to be at equilibrium, it essential satisfy two conditions the break-even condition, whereby no contract makes negative profits and absence of unexploited opportunities for profit, because if there was a contract outside of the offered set, with non-negative profit, would mean the offered set is not in equilibrium. If all agents are homogenous, if all agents baptistry the same probability of loss, pi=p, insurance companies would know each buyers pi. The firm essential maximise each agents utility subject to the firm breaking even. This would be at the point of tangency of the agent s indifference curve and zero-profit constraint. This would be in equilibrium as another profit-making policy could not be offered.Therefore, as they can observe agents risk types, they can offer different policies, to different types i= ri, ci. It follows that each is offered full and fair insurance. In real life, heterogeneity is usually the case. This is when pi varies with all individuals. Assuming that there are two types high-risk types, H, and low-risk types, L, where the probabilityof loss for H is higher than for L. Individuals know their own probability of loss i=H, L, just now insurance companies are unable to observe this. In this case, there are two different kinds of equilibria that insurance companies could opt with the candidate pooling equilibrium and the candidate separating equilibrium. The pooling equilibrium is where all risk types buy the same policy. In contrary, the separating equilibrium is based on each risk type buying a different policy. In the pooling e quilibrium, if both H and L risk-types choose the same policy, the probability of loss is p and the probability of no loss is 1- p.Therefore, the slope of the aggregate fair-odds line is -1-pp. The pooling contract must lie on this line to be in equilibrium, to ensure the firm breaks even exactly. The contract must also ensure both types want to buy it it must take both L and H to higher indifference curve than the indifference curve they would be on if they stayed uninsured. Agent L ends up below his fair odds line, and H above his, which means L pays more than expected costs, and H pays less both pay the fair pooled premium, but H claims on the policy more. So if L prefers to buy the contract, so will H. This leads me to believe both L and H will be able to get full insurance, though its not completely fair, as the firm does not need H to choose a different policy to remain breaking even. However, this brings to mind the notion that if full insurance is offered, the agent will n ot have the incentive to prevent a loss state.Therefore, less insurance will probably be offered, and as both risk types are paying the same premium of the same policy, neither will receive full insurance, as it impossible to differentiate between the two they will both choose the same policy offered. In the separating equilibrium, one contract would be offered to L, and another to H. Each risk type must prefer the contract designed for that type (i.e. the incentives must be compatible). The contracts offered should give each type the highest possible utility, subject to the firm breaking even. If full insurance contracts were offered to both L and H, where their respective indifference curves are tangent with their respective zero-profit constraints/fair-odds lines, low risk customers would prefer the policy designed for them, but high-risk customers would also prefer the same policy, not the policy designed for them.So they would not both be offered full insurance, as this gives rise to the problem of preventing H from imitating L low-risk agents are cheaper to insure for the firm (claim lessoften) so they get a better rate. Therefore, instead of offering L full insurance, they are offered C, which is still on their fair odds line, but on a lower indifference curve, still ensuring the zero-profit constraint.Now, if the high-risk agents were to choose between the policy designed for them, and C, they will choose the policy designed for them, because they prefer to have more insurance for less money. So, in conclusion, in the separating equilibrium, high-risk (H) customers receive full insurance, and low-risk (L) customers only receive fond(p) insurance they pay the price to prevent H from imitating them. L is worse off than if there was symmetric information in the market, but no difference to H.

SDLC methodology for designing a system Essay Example for Free

SDLC methodology for designing a system EssayThe uncomplicated objective is to evaluate the SDLC methodology for designing a system. Prior to structure a system, a association of methodology is essential in keeping the process kicking in right force so that it adheres to entire coverage and successful completion of tasks. It demands professional speak to in planning, building and operating a system. SDLC methodology which encompasses several techniques in making the system travel smooth, processing the various steps demand in putting together a system successfully. The turn model which is a flavor of SDLC techniques corresponds in designing a system where line of descent requirements are volatile in nature and communication with outer entities is a priority. The spiral model would take into reckon any the primary steps in building a deliverable every time it completes a circle. Once it is finished with the planning and summary level the risk analysis task is interpre ted in the picture. It is followed by engineering, construction and release, customer evaluation and at last customer communication. Once a cycle is covered, it results in a deliverable which is further processed upon customer communication and feedback.The SWOT analysis of the spiral model would contemplate the coverage of whether it can be interpreted up as a viable option in designing a system. The following is the analysis Strengths The business environments are seldom volatile in nature where the requirements are ever changing and are adding every moment to expand their scope and stay competitive in the market. The spiral model would spring sure that the proposed system is prone to changes. It provides enough mechanism to take into account the changes in the customers environment and feat accordingly. Unlike other SDLC methods where the business requirements are completely taken as standstill when taking into account the building of the system. Unlike the waterfall model wh ere the design stages are non-reversible in nature, once the stage is surpassed it cannot be revisited again. Weaknesses The weaknesses of the spiral model are that it is quite expensive in nature as every deployment is revisited with the spiral cycle once it receives a customer communication and feedback. It demands quite risk assessment expertise. The time taken to build the complete system is considerable towering as for every new requirement is cycled all through from planning to implementation. The consumption of resources is substantially large as all the developmental stages are followed for creating a version of the system in every cycle. Opportunities The opportunities of using the spiral model are relatively high in comparison to the other models in use. The business external environment is fast changing to the requirements and wrap newer challenges to analyze their market and take risks to prosper. In this situation having a flexible system development scheme would mak e it easy to design and build a system susceptible to habitual changes with changing business requirements. Taking into account the other methods available in the market, the spiral model would stand out in the crowd. Threats The other prototyping methods like RAD and Incremental methods of SDLC pose a threat to spiral method. The incremental approach is quite complex in operation but its flexibility is quite high in resolving discrepancies. The RAD methodology is quite popular in SDLC but is not prone to taking the frequent changes into consideration which is a drawback.

Modern Terrorism Essay Example for Free

Modern terrorist act Essay1. What major measures can the supranational community take to prevent act of act of terrorism?The fight against terrorist organizations and terrorism is non skilful a fight that the fall in States must face alone. This is evident from the Madrid evolve bombings, the bombings in London, and the terrorist attacks that Israel seems to face everyday from Hizballah. Terrorism is, in effect, international. All nations fighte a responsibility to assail terrorism to cheer them and to protect new(prenominal) nations as well.One of the security measures that can be undertaken is that of securing strain travelcraft and airports. Enders and Sandler call in their book that between 1973 and 2002, in that location was an average of ten skyjackings per year (Enders, W. . Sandler, T., 2012). This was a number that is surprise due to the fact that it seems like almost werent reported or very little coverage was disposed(p) to the incidences. There ar e new technologies being developed all the time to aid in securing of air travel. There is new engineering science in the area of explosive detection devices. One such technology is cal lead micro-tagging. During this process, tiny chips of micro-taggants are blended into explosive substances and color-coded to identify the manufacturer and batch of explosives (IME, 2005).This system would withal be beneficial in the reconstruction of bomb scenes and used to gain knowledge and prepare for future terrorist acts. a nonher(prenominal) innovative technology is called dielectric analysis. Dielectric analysis is a powerful non-destructive tool for characterizing materials it can take into account accurate, repeatable results unavailable by other electrical means. This, in essence, gives the explosive agents a fingerprint and could forget straightaway identification of explosive substances at airports (DHS, 2012).Along with technological advanced in air security, populate can often ma ke the biggest impact. In this area, Federal Air Marshals play an important role. This is not something that all countries partake in only if more and more countries are adding these individuals to their flights. The airline association estimates that 10 or 20 out of some 115 airlines that fly into the joined States already use air summonss (Lichtblau, 2003). Israel, for instance, has used marshals on El Al flights for years, and as declared, some other countries relieve oneself followed suit more recently, as Australia announced in 2003 that Qantas Airways would begin placing armed marshals on flights to Singapore. Mexico has soild that they would start to use their own air marshals on flights that are going to the United States.However, not all countries and airlines are signed on to the idea. Air France does not use air marshals and the British Air Line Pilots Association said it does not believe that arms belong on aircraft, and British Airways, the commonwealths biggest ai rline, said it reserves the right not to fly if it is forced to add air marshals (Lichtblau, 2003). Although in that respect is a general feeling among passengers that they would feel safer on a flight if there were an air marshal on board, not everyone believes the passengers would necessarily be safer. There are those that cite that an armed conflict on a forgee would father more dangerous to the passengers as opposed to just letting the terrorist state their demands and work with them for the release of passengers.Sound, fulfillable, password is another area that countries can utilize for overall protection. Political intelligence is an important factor to combating terrorism. This can be used to identify where the groups are garnering the most support for their cause. When this has been determined, hug from other nations can be placed on these states to not support the terrorists. The gathering and use of war machine intelligence is vital in both operation. The intellige nce gathered by our forces can assist in finding out how many are in a particular group, what kinds of weapons they have, and where they are located. 2. Do you approximate the U.S. should follow Israels example of fighting terrorism? Explain fully.Israel has been fighting terrorism for many years, even before they became a nation in 1948. They are surrounded by Muslim nations, which historically do not get along with Israelis. This is particularly true of Palestinians. Since Israel is surrounded by so many that concupiscence to do them harm, they have had to take more drastic steps in order to protect themselves.They had become one of the first countries to articulate a deliberate and official indemnity of retaliation against terrorism. Most nations picture that a nation must fight back in order to protect itself and its interests. Israel on the other hand seems to retaliate in a much more aggressive manner. Such a side was their retaliation against an Arab village in Qibiya, J ordan in 1953. On October 13, 1953, Jordanian terrorists infiltrated the Israeli border and threw a grenade into a house, killing a mother and two children in Tiryat Yehuda. In an effort to prevent further attacks and protect its borders, Israel launched a reprisal raid on Qibiya, a Jordanian town crossways the border from Tiryat Yehuda. Unit 101, led by then Colonel Ariel Sharon, destroyed 50 homes, killing 69 Jordanian civilians who were hidden inside and had done for(p) unnoticed (Oreck, A. 2007). Sharon had stated that he was not aware that civilians were involved but that did not help in the embarrassment that Israel suffered due to the incident.The Israelis have pioneered the area of preemptive strikes against terrorism. This policy is a bit more knotty to convince the international community for its justification. It is one thing to fight back against an attack on your country it is another to strike first to prevent such an attack. But in many cases is necessary to do so.S hould we follow Israels example? If that hesitancy had been posed ten or fifteen years ago, I may have said no. Today, my answer would be yes, with a caveat. Though it may be difficult, I think we would need other countries to publicly back us to carry out authoritative missions. In the case of a preemptive strike, our allies must be informed of such action so they are not taken by surprise of the situation. As far as targeted killings, we had expose have support in this undertaking or else we are going to look like the aggressors or worse, assassins.A prime example is our current situation in the Middle East. Although the United States has a policy against taking out heads of state, which chairman Ford imposed by executive order in 1976, there is nothing to say that we cannot take out leaders of terrorist groups as in the case of Osama bin Laden. In the climate we live in today, we had better have all of our options open and on the table if we neediness to defend ourselves and help prevent future attacks. 3. Identify and explain at least three international conventions organized to suppress terrorism.I.The International formula for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 9, 1999, and signed on behalf of the United States of America on January 10, 2000. The Convention is aimed at cutting off the funding that terrorist groups need to operate. This Convention provides an obligation that States bities criminalize such bearing and establishes an international legal framework for cooperation among States opusies directed toward prevention of such financing and ensuring the prosecution and punishment of offenders, wheresoever found.II.The International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombing was adopted in 1997. At this convention, The United Nations (1997) states Created a regimen of universal jurisdiction over the unlawful and flavorional use of explosives and other lethal devic es in, into, or against heterogeneous defined public places with intent to kill or cause serious bodily injury, or with intent to cause extensive destruction of the public place. (article 2)It is similar to other conventions in that it requires parties to extradite or conduct for prosecution persons accused of committing or aiding in the commission of such offenses.III.The Convention on the Making of Plastic Explosives for the purpose of Detection was ratified by the United Nations in 1991. The members of the U.N. were concerned that tensile explosives had been used for such terrorist acts in the past and could be again in the future and wanted to do something about it. This Convention was aimed at deterring such unlawful acts of the use of plastic explosives because they felt there was a need for an international mandate for States to adopt appropriate measures to ensure that plastic explosives are marked. 4. Briefly treasure the provision of the U.S. Patriot Act.The U.S. Patri ot Act has ten different nutriment that outline the United States governments war on terrorism. These provisions impact the war on terrorism in different ways. Some of the provisions deal with rights and responsibilities others provide areas in which terrorism can be fought.The first title is for the enhancement of interior(prenominal) security and provides for funding and information gathering. It also prohibits the discrimination against Muslim Americans. Title II is probably the most controversial of all the provisions. It is here where the perceived infringement on civil liberties takes place. This provision reshapes the way the federal official government can collect information. The FBI can seize materials from private citizens when it believes national security is at stake and then get permission from courts to do so afterwards. Title III involves the area of money launder and the financing of terrorist organizations. Title IV increases border patrols and mandates the de tention of suspected terrorists. Title V deals with removing obstacles in the investigating of terrorism and addresses the capture and prosecution of terrorists.Title VI provides aid to the families of Public Safety Officers who were injured or killed in terrorist attacks, and amends the Victims of Crime Act of 1984. Title VII supports the sharing of information by federal law enforcement agencies. Title VIII strengthens criminal laws against terrorism, defines domestic terrorism, and expands biological weapons statutes. Title IX provides guidance on intelligence information sharing from foreign agencies. The information derived from electronic surveillance or physical searches is disseminated for cost-efficient and effective foreign intelligence purposes. The last title is kind of a catchall and is listed as miscellaneous. It contains 16 sections that do not fall under other titles in the act. 5. Briefly discuss the impact of emergency powers on defeating terrorism.Many nations h ave forms of so called, Emergency Powers. Some countries call it State of Exception, Special Powers, or Terrorist Affected. No matter what a country may call their emergency powers, extreme part may exist in which the security of the country in needed and these powers allow for authorities to stop, search, question and detain individuals suspected of terrorist involvement. There have been emergency powers used even before the United States was formed. in the midst of 1775 and 1781, the Continental Congress passed a series of acts and resolves which count as the first expressions of emergency authority. These instruments dealt almost altogether with the prosecution of the Revolutionary War (Relyea, 2006). The President of the United States has available certain powers that may be exercised in the event that the nation is threatened by crisis, exigency, or emergency circumstances (other than natural disasters, war, or near-war situations). Part TwoWhat changes has the F.B.I. made si nce 9/11? How have these changes improved the F.B.I.s ability to respond to terrorism?Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Robert S. Muller, III said the following in a 2008 Washington clock article Before 9/11, we were an agency that concentreed primarily on investigating crimes after the fact, he told The Washington Times in an e-mail interview this week. Today we are actively preventing and disrupting destructive and dirty acts before they occur. (para. 3) A few examples of how the F.B.I. is accomplishing this are how they recruit and train their special agents. Mr. Muller instituted a five-year incite up or get out plan for its leadership, calling it critical to the mastery of the future success of the F.B.I.The budget for 2012 was $8.1 billion including $119.2 million in program increases to enhance counterterrorism, computer intrusions, and other programs (The FBI, 2012). They have also made great efforts to increase information sharing with other intelligence agencies which makes efforts to prevent terrorists activities a great success as in the thwarting of the attempted bombing of downtown Manhattan financial district just a few short months ago.Since the institution of Director Mullers initiatives and the FBIs new focus on counterterrorism rather than just being a reactive agency, the FBI is better trained and equipped to not only respond but to go on the offensive when needed. With the help of the Patriot Act and the grow powers it allows law enforcement to react more decisively and with greater effectiveness.Part ThreeWhat were the policies of Germany and Japan before 9/11? What measures have been taken by these two countries in order to combat terrorism? prior to 9/11, the German government had a typical laissez faire approach to international terrorists and their organizations. After 9/11 this changed. In a CRS report, Miko, F.T. (2004), stated the following The German response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the United S tates was immediate and unprecedented in scope for that country. Setting aside its post-World War II prohibition against deploying forces outside of atomic number 63 and overcoming pacifist leanings of some in the governing coalition, Germany quickly offered phalanx and other assistance to the United States.In his initial reaction to the attacks of 9/11, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder declared Germanys unlimited solidarity with the United States. On folk 12, 2001, the German government, along with other U.S. allies, invoked NATOs Article V, paving the way for military assistance to the United States. The Chancellor gained approval from the German Parliament to deploy troops to Afghanistan with a call for a ballot of confidence in his own government.Since then, German efforts in the fight against terrorism have expanded across a wide spectrum. Germany has instituted significant policy, legislative, and organizational reforms. Bilateral cooperation with the United States has been ext ensive, despite differences stemming from the distinct approaches and constraints in each(prenominal) country and frictions resulting from sharp disagreement over Iraq policy. (p. 1) Since the end of WWII and Japans defeat, their policy has been one of maintaining a Ground Self Defense Force (GSDF) aimed at protecting the homeland only. While Japan the Great Compromiser a loyal supporter of the United States, the public is very reluctant to view military preventative outside the country as favorable. However, they did send a small force to Iraq in a relatively peaceful operating environment in the town of Samawah. While there they neither caused nor received any casualties, which was popular with the Japanese public.Although Japanese opinion on the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq suggests a go awayingness to recognize the utility of military power for territorial defense, but not for offensive uses of force, unless these are directly related to national defense, they tarry a stro ng supporter of U.S. policies against terrorists. Part FourSummarize the salient points of the National scheme For Combating Terrorism.The salient points of the National Strategy For Combating Terrorism can be summed up as followsDefeat Terrorists and Their OrganizationsDeny Sponsorship, Support, and mental institution to TerroristsDiminish the Underlying Conditions that Terrorists Seek to ExploitDefend U.S. Citizens and Interests at Home and AbroadThe list in a higher place serves as the Goals and Objectives of the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism as of 2007. These same goals still hold true today. Part FiveSummarize the salient points of the National Strategy To Combat Weapons of bulk DestructionNational Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction. This was first issued by then President, George W. Bush in December 2002. A comment of strategy is as follows The Weapons of Mass Destruction strategy presents a national strategy to combat weapons of masses destructi on (WMD) through three major efforts (1) nonproliferation, (2) counter-proliferation, and (3) consequence management in WMD incidents (The White House, 2003). The plan addresses the production and proliferation of WMD among nations, as well as the potential threat of terrorists using WMD agents.I leave you with a final quote from President George W. Bush. The gravest danger our Nation faces lies at the crossroads of radicalism and technology. Our enemies have openly declared that they are seeking weapons of mass destruction, and evidence indicates that they are doing so with determination. The United States will not allow these efforts to succeed. History will judge harshly those who saw this coming danger but failed to act. In the new world we have entered, the only path to peace and security is the path of action. President BushThe National Security Strategy of the United States of America September 17, 2002References(2005). Taggant History and Background. IME. Retrieved January 8 , 2013 from http//www.ime.org/dynamic.php? pageboy_id=66(2012). electromagnetic Studies of Explosives Laboratories. 1-2. Department of Homeland Security http//www.orau.gov/DHS-TSLvisSciProg/labs/TSL_EMX LAB.pdf.(2012). Quick Facts. The FBI. Retrieved January 15, 2013 from http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/quick-factsConery, B., Mueller praises FBIs changes since 9/11. The Washington Times. Editors Picks. Retrieved January 15, 2013 from http//www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/25/mu eller-praises-fbis-changes-since-911/?page=allEnders, W. . Sandler, T. (2012). The Political Economy of Terrorism. (2nd ed., pp. 86-90). New York, NY Cambridge University Press.Lichtblau, E. (2003). U.S. says it will force countries to arm flights. San Francisco Chronicle, A/1. Retrieved January 8, 2013, from http//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2003/12/30/MNGJD40F651.DTLtype=printable.Miko, F.T. (2004). Germanys Role in Fighting Terrorism Implications for U.S. Policy. (RL32710). 1. United Stat es Congress. Retrieved January 15, 2013 from http//www.fas.org/irp/crs/RL32710.pdfOreck, A. (2007). Qibya. Jewish realistic Library, The Library. Retrieved January 8, 2013, from http//www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Qibiya.html.Relyea, H. C. (2006). National Emergency Powers. In CRS Report for Congress. Congress. Retrieved January 9, 2013, from http//www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/98-505.pdf.The White House. (2003). National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction. Arms Control Today. Retrieved January 15, 2013 from http//www.armscontrol.org/act/2003_01-02/document _janfeb03United Nations. (1997). Conventions Against Terrorism. Retrieved January 9, 2013, from United Nations http//www.un.org/law/cod/terroris.htm